Elkhorne, very simple, but the hammer part is filled Partially with lead. Heavy. Lay patch, place ball, quick smack with hammer (leather face), cut patch flush with muzzle, use short starter, drive home with ramrod. Simple genius. Shoot a lot, much easier and quicker that slapping ball end of short starter...I’ve used so long only way I’ve done it. So used to it I have shorter version in my hunting bag. That’s a little overkill, but I’m a creature of habit.