When threads are used constantly, as in machinery, usually the softer of the two will wear. I don't think there is this issue with a tumbler, unless the parts are too hard, where the threads will chip. Hardness helps the screw thread from deforming under load, and the tumbler screw takes a good bit of tension under full tightness. Hardness will help preserve the screw slot for deforming, too.
If the screw is casehardened and not drawn properly, it can snap.
A through hardened alloy screw must be tempered properly or it, too, will snap.
Tom