This may confuse the discussion a little, but in the booklet “Gunsmiths and Allied Tradesmen of Alabama” by Kilgo and Whisker there is listed with a half stock shown a gunsmith John L. (or A.) Bender(1800?-1860s?) in Mobile , AL. He is listed in the Mobile City Directory of 1830 and then in 1840 as having a gunsmith shop with 14 workers living at the shop.
The half stock back action percussion shown has an almost identical script barrel signature J * Bender as your rifle. The signature is not shown in the booklet photos but I can send you a photo if you email me at tom@tkilgo.com. However, the rifles appear to have little in common. The signature also seems to closely match the Jacob Bender, PA full stock barrel signature.
I currently don’t have any other information relating Jacob Bender and John Bender, except the likeness of the signatures. If my memory is still good, I believe the antique flint lock long rifle presented to Fess Parker from the Alamo association and displayed in the Alamo Museum has a similar J * Bender signature.
I hope this helps.