I have never done this, but I have had nightmares about doing so, I always use a marker on the drill bit as well as set the stop on my mill. I have done other stupid things like milling dovetails on the wrong flat. I am sure this hole in the barrel experience is just around the corner for me, I have made so many other stupid mistakes I can't list them, but I have never considered threading and installing a screw in a through hole in a barrel. I draw the line on that. I don't think that it would blow out as a properly threaded screw is quite strong, we use a clean out screw in a drum and that works. I think that over time and shooting the screw would be weakened by crud left in the barrel. Man up and admit a dumb mistake and cut the barrel up or use it for a pistol, or better yet hang it above your drill press/mill as a reminder to be more careful, as one mistake is bad, two is laughable.