Alex,
A number of years ago I did a barrel w/ dental floss. I learned to be careful and not cross over the floss thus getting X type pattern intermixed with the much more correct parallel lines. I then etched the barrel w/ nitric to slightly etch the pattern into the steel. The barrel was then browned. I sanded lightly with very fine w/d paper and cold blued the top of the ridges left from the nitric etch. A PITA, but it can get you where you want to go.
Ron