Paul- in most .50's a .495" ball and a .022" patch is perfect. I've nver seen a .50 that didn't like that combination. Some do almost as well with as .490" ball and the same .022" (10oz denim) patch. Our newest shooters, a young couple, are both shooting commercial .50 cal. flinters, with .495" pure lead balls and a .023" mattress ticking patchs. Neither has difficulty in loading that combination - we ALL start the load into the barrel using short starters here as they make loading any combination easier. VERY wt patches help, of course, to keep the fouling soft- no one here needs to wipe during an entire day's shooting and neither should you.