10tpi ideally you should get 5 threads on a 1/2" hole but there's losses on both ends of the hole. BSW (Whitworth) have a 55 degree angle, USS/UNC have a 60 degree angle. In any equal grade fastener, I don't think there's any strength difference. Remember the first thread takes more of the load than any other - I'll email you the thread load chart later. Most US barrels are UNF.