A lot depends on how deep the rifling is. Ages ago, when the vast majority of modern muzzleloaders were imported from Europe, some were .440 bore diameter, but the rifleings were very shallow. A .433 ball would only fit with a patch that was too thin to be of any use. I had one of these guns, and had fits with it. I finally found a .429 ball mold, and everything worked fine thereafter. That gun had very shallow cut rifling, and shot like a dream as long as you swabbed between shots. I’ve always thought that shallow rifling may be the source of the problem, that led the old timers to swab after every shot.
Hungry Horse