So, think about it this way. You will only need to be taking about .027" material thickness (but .263 WIDE) off the big end to create each flat, and about .025" (but .239 wide) off the little end on each flat. It's not all that much, and will go quickly at first. The file will only make a tiny flat on the first pass, but each pass after the flat will widen very quickly. That's when the amount of metal starts to become more effort and work.
Your the next mission, should you choose to accept it, is to put layout lines on that barrel to file down to. a bit tricky, but certainly not impossible.
There are ways around everything. I'm sure machinists among us have plenty of ideas on how to do that. I have some too, but it will require a precision measuring method, straight edges and a few feeler gauges. If that measuring method and straight edge are one and the same, and says "Billy Bob's Used Lumber and Salvage Yard" on it, maybe think about using the barrel as is?
Kidding! There are ways