I would choose the 16 gauge not just because it would be slightly lighter, but the barrel would look more like originals. Most period fowlers had barrels whose muzzles were 1/16 inch thick or less. I have a 20 gauge fowler with a Curly Gostomski barrel the thickness of the barrel at the muzzle is about 1/16 of an inch. It is 42 inches long and makes for a very light gun. With all due respect to Mr. Kibler stating that the thicker barrel makes it more accurate, is bunk.
My Escopeta has a 16 gauge barrel marked.660. It is octagon to round. It is 1-inch across the flats at the breech it is about 1/16 thick at the muzzle.
The barrel is 30 inches long. It weighs under 6 lbs. The biggest limiting factor for the amount of powder I use is the recoil.

The target on the left and the one on the right were shot with .648 balls and 90 grains of Goex 2f. The one on the left was shot without a rear sight the one on the right was shot with a rudimentary rear sight. Both shot offhand at 25 yards.

